How to get the hostname from /etc/hostname & DNS domain name?

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How do I get the host name from /etc/hosts? by writing hostname?
And what about the dns domain name, how do I get that?
How do I get these names through the commandline?

Answer

When you type 

hostname

it will show you the value that is stored in 

/etc/hostname

See hostname --help for a lot of options. From the help …

-s, --short            short host name
-a, --alias            alias names
-i, --ip-address       addresses for the host name
-I, --all-ip-addresses all addresses for the host
-f, --fqdn, --long     long host name (FQDN)
-A, --all-fqdns        all long host names (FQDNs)
-d, --domain           DNS domain name
-y, --yp, --nis        NIS/YP domain name
-b, --boot             set default hostname if none available
-F, --file             read host name or NIS domain name from given file

This command can get or set the host name or the NIS domain name. You can also get the DNS domain or the FQDN (fully qualified domain name). Unless you are using bind or NIS for host lookups you can change the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) and the DNS domain name (which is part of the FQDN) in the /etc/hosts file.

So

hostname -f

for the long host name (FQDN).

Attribution
Source : Link , Question Author : dada dudu , Answer Author : Rinzwind

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